What it is: A targeted, daily concentrate with 21 percent brightening agents to help fade the look of stubborn dark spots, such as sun spots, age spots, post-acne scars, and melasma, before, during, and after dark spot formation.Skin Type: Normal, Dry, Combination, and Oily Skincare Concerns: Dark Spots, and Dullness and Uneven Texture Formulation: Lightweight Serum Highlighted Ingredients:- 10% Azelaic Acid Derivative: Water soluble and more tolerated version of azelaic acid that visibly brightens skin tone.- 3% Tranexamic Acid: Clinical-grade acid, widely used in dermatology to prevent discoloration.- 2% Phytic Acid: A resurfacing ingredient derived from rice to exfoliate skin.Ingredient Callouts: Free of sulfates SLS and SLES, parabens, formaldehydes, formaldehyde-releasing agents, phthalates, mineral oil, retinyl palmitate, oxybenzone, coal tar, hydroquinone, triclosan, and triclocarban, and contains less than one percent of synthetic fragrances. What Else You Need to Know: Stubborn dark spots take a stubborn solution. This highly concentrated spot minimizer targets melanin synthesis to help visibly reduce the number, intensity, and size of existing spots. A clinically proven 15 percent complex of three powerhouse acids—zelaic acid derivative, tranexamic acid, and phytic acid—combine with percent niacinamide, and plankton and turmeric extracts to target only the discolored areas, not the skin around them, while soothing botanicals help counteract irritation. So potent, it has a visible effect on existing age spots, sun spots, melasma, and post-acne marks. As the intensity and range of spots is targeted over time, the complexion appears increasingly brighter, more even, and youthful. It’s a good thing this concentrate as smart as the spots are stubborn.Clinical Results: In an instrumental evaluation and self-assessment conducted on 27 volunteers:- 89% showed a reduction in the visible size of the dark spot after 7 days of use - 89% reported product reduces the appearance of dark spots after 28 days of use- 93% reported product promotes a more even, uniform look after 56 days of use